Research into bot traffic, browser signals, and ads quality.
Practical guides grounded in our published research.
Check tracking, targeting and the journeys behind your paid traffic.
Read the guideSee what supports an automation finding and what still needs checking.
Read the guideCompare campaigns and inspect the evidence behind a difference.
Read the guideExplore the PMax strategy debate through 2025 and 2026: feed-only campaigns, brand exclusions, consolidation and Google’s new channel controls.
By Button Solutions — Nov 2, 2026Ask for detection coverage, legitimate-user tests, inspectable decisions and measured outcomes. A practical evaluation plan for standalone and agency-bundled protection.
By Button Solutions — Oct 31, 2026Connect browser evidence, conversion events and CRM outcomes without treating one as proof of the others. A practical framework for investigating paid lead quality.
By Button Solutions — Oct 31, 2026Suspicious clicks, platform credits and prevented spend measure different things. Audit the assumptions behind a click fraud savings figure before relying on it.
By Button Solutions — Oct 31, 2026IP exclusions act on future ad delivery. Learn how scope, repeat timing, changing addresses and shared networks affect what a block list can achieve.
By Button Solutions — Oct 31, 2026Shared IPs and privacy relays make aggressive blocking risky. Learn how to check buyer exposure and test a traffic rule before excluding potential customers.
By Button Solutions — Oct 31, 2026Compare campaigns using paid-click evidence, collection coverage and visitor journeys. A small published location study shows why account averages can hide a specific problem.
By Button Solutions — Oct 31, 2026Separate bots on your website from suspicious paid clicks. Use browser evidence, click identifiers and visitor journeys without treating every non-buyer as fraud.
By Button Solutions — Oct 31, 2026Check tracking, targeting, visitor journeys and bot evidence to find why paid clicks are not becoming sales, with examples from Button's published studies.
By Button Solutions — Oct 31, 2026Learn how ecommerce teams detect bots behind residential proxies using browser signals, journey patterns and campaign evidence—without blocking shoppers.
By Button Solutions — Oct 29, 2026
Five research articles examine what IP reputation, browser fingerprints, location and visitor behavior can—and cannot—tell advertisers about the quality of their traffic. Most ad fraud protection products begin with a s
By Button Solutions — Oct 18, 2026
On three small sites, 882 of 1,409 desktop Chromium visitors gave a navigator.userAgentData answer that didn't fit their device. None of them clicked an ad.
By Button Solutions — Oct 14, 2026
On three small sites, 39% of visitors' device clocks disagreed with their IP country, almost all on datacenter addresses. Among ad clickers it was 3%.
By Button Solutions — Oct 14, 2026
Foreign ad clicks were 0.4% on an Israeli store and 4–6% on two UK sites, but one Google campaign got all 9 clicks from abroad. Check campaign settings first.
By Button Solutions — Oct 14, 2026
Should you block residential proxies? In one short store study, a proxy rule would have included 3 of 7 IPs seen on a payment-success page. The label alone was insufficient.
By Button Solutions — Oct 14, 2026
gad_source is the number Google Ads adds to ad click URLs. Only gad_source=1 (Search) is clear; two unconfirmed lists disagree on 2 to 7. How to check yours.
By Button Solutions — Oct 11, 2026A 2018 study found 98% of a one-country site's visitors share a time zone. On three small stores it held for the clock, less for language.
By Button Solutions — Oct 7, 2026
Learn how to make money from Google Ads in 2026 and beyond.
By Button Solutions — Jul 19, 2026Does Chrome silently install a 4GB on-device AI model? On Linux we measured far less, and Chromium's build flags show which platforms ship it.
By Button Solutions — May 7, 2026
Replay attacks are a constant threat for websites currently protected by typical bot management solutions. Back when we started research into these products two years ago, the obfuscation on multi-billion dollar compani
By Button Solutions — Mar 24, 2026To stop excessive bot traffic,implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) like Cloudflare, enforce rate limiting to block high-frequency IPs, and deploy CAPTCHAs on all forms. Further steps include updating robots.txt to
By Button Solutions — Mar 24, 2026Protecting your website against malicious bots involves a multi-layered approach: implementing a Web Application Firewall (WAF) like Cloudflare or Sucuri, setting rate limits to throttle excessive requests, using CAPTCHA
By Button Solutions — Mar 24, 2026
FPScanner shows the browser inconsistencies that bot detection relies on. A good starting point, but every one of these signals can be spoofed.
By Button Solutions — Mar 19, 2026
Let's talk about the obvious. CreepJS Intro If you don't know what this is, you don't really know how to block bots. There are a lot of good sensors here - and it is very hard to spoof them all, perfectly. But ther
By Button Solutions — Mar 19, 2026